NATIONAL WATER QUALITY GUIDELINES:
The current national water quality guidelines for drinking water (ADWG, 2004) and irrigation, livestock watering and aquatic ecosystems (ANZECC/ARMCANZ, 2000) provide a critical framework for regulators, managers, researchers and the community. The national guidelines are summarised in Table 1. The guidelines place specific thresholds on the quality of water that is intended for specific uses. The goal of groundwater protection is to protect the groundwater resources of the nation so that these resources can support their identified beneficial uses and values in an economically, socially, and environmentally sustainable and acceptable manner.
Guideline values have been determined for those chemical components that are considered to have significant potential to harm human health at concentrations above the specified limits. Guideline values should not be exceeded in public water supplies. It should also be noted that exceeding the guideline values may not always be a matter for immediate concern, but rather a trigger for follow-up action.
In many regions groundwater is used mostly for agriculture. The quality of groundwater is then assessed relative to guidelines established for livestock and irrigation. Since different crops and livestock vary considerably in their ability to tolerate salts in water, the major characteristic to be considered for water intended for use in agriculture is salinity and sodicity. Water quality guidelines for aquatic ecosystems also apply to groundwater. Guideline trigger values have been established for selected indicators. For some indicators, trigger values are based on alternative levels of species protection.
Table 1 : Australian Guidelines for Drinking Watera, Livestockb and Irrigation Waterb
a From Australian Drinking Water Guidelines, National Water Quality Management Strategy, NHMRC/NRMMC, 2004.
b From Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality, ANZECC/ARMCANZ, 2000.
c May be tolerated if not provided as a food additive and natural levels in the diet are low.
d LTV denotes long-term trigger value, the maximum concentration of contaminant in the irrigation water that can be tolerated assuming 100 years of irrigation, based on irrigation loading assumptions.
e STV denotes short-term trigger value, the maximum concentration of contaminant in the irrigation water which can be tolerated for a shorter period of time (20 years), assuming the same maximum annual irrigation loading to soil as for the LTV.
NAD denotes No Available Data.
Liya,Senior consultant in S J Builders Australia. Visit http://www.sjbuilders.com.au/,
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The current national water quality guidelines for drinking water (ADWG, 2004) and irrigation, livestock watering and aquatic ecosystems (ANZECC/ARMCANZ, 2000) provide a critical framework for regulators, managers, researchers and the community. The national guidelines are summarised in Table 1. The guidelines place specific thresholds on the quality of water that is intended for specific uses. The goal of groundwater protection is to protect the groundwater resources of the nation so that these resources can support their identified beneficial uses and values in an economically, socially, and environmentally sustainable and acceptable manner.
Guideline values have been determined for those chemical components that are considered to have significant potential to harm human health at concentrations above the specified limits. Guideline values should not be exceeded in public water supplies. It should also be noted that exceeding the guideline values may not always be a matter for immediate concern, but rather a trigger for follow-up action.
In many regions groundwater is used mostly for agriculture. The quality of groundwater is then assessed relative to guidelines established for livestock and irrigation. Since different crops and livestock vary considerably in their ability to tolerate salts in water, the major characteristic to be considered for water intended for use in agriculture is salinity and sodicity. Water quality guidelines for aquatic ecosystems also apply to groundwater. Guideline trigger values have been established for selected indicators. For some indicators, trigger values are based on alternative levels of species protection.
Table 1 : Australian Guidelines for Drinking Watera, Livestockb and Irrigation Waterb
PARAMETER
|
DRINKING WATER (mg/L)
|
LIVESTOCK WATERING
|
IRRIGATION LTVd
|
IRRIGATION STVe
|
|||||
HEALTH
|
AESTHETIC
|
(mg/L)
|
(mg/L)
|
(mg/L)
|
|||||
Thermotolerant coliforms
|
0 CFU/100 mL
|
-
|
100 CFU/100 mL
|
<10-10000 data-blogger-escaped-cfu="" data-blogger-escaped-ml="" data-blogger-escaped-span="">
|
|||||
Aluminium
|
NAD
|
0.2
|
5
|
5
|
20
|
||||
Antimony
|
0.003
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Arsenic
|
0.007
|
-
|
0.5-5c
|
0.1
|
2
|
||||
Barium
|
0.7
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Beryllium
|
NAD
|
NAD
|
-
|
0.1
|
0.5
|
||||
Boron
|
4
|
-
|
5
|
0.5
|
Crop dependent
|
||||
Calcium
|
-
|
-
|
1000
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Cadmium
|
0.002
|
-
|
0.01
|
0.01
|
0.05
|
||||
Chloride
|
-
|
250
|
-
|
Crop dependent
|
Crop dependent
|
||||
Chromium (as VI)
|
0.05
|
-
|
1
|
0.1
|
1
|
||||
Cobalt
|
-
|
-
|
1
|
0.05
|
0.1
|
||||
Copper
|
2
|
1
|
0.4 (sheep)
1 (cattle)
5 (pigs/poultry)
|
0.2
|
5
|
||||
Fluoride
|
1.5
|
-
|
2.0
|
1.0
|
2.0
|
||||
Iodide
|
0.1
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Iron
|
-
|
0.3
|
-
|
0.2
|
10
|
||||
Lead
|
0.01
|
-
|
0.1
|
2
|
5
|
||||
Lithium
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
2.5 (0.075 on citrus)
|
|||||
Magnesium
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Manganese
|
0.5
|
0.1
|
-
|
0.2
|
10
|
||||
Mercury
|
0.001
|
-
|
0.002
|
0.002
|
0.002
|
||||
Molybdenum
|
0.05
|
-
|
0.15
|
0.01
|
0.05
|
||||
PARAMETER
|
DRINKING WATER (mg/L)
|
LIVESTOCK WATERING
|
IRRIGATION LTVd
|
IRRIGATION STVe
|
|||||
HEALTH
|
AESTHETIC
|
(mg/L)
|
(mg/L)
|
(mg/L)
|
|||||
Nickel
|
0.02
|
-
|
1
|
0.2
|
2
|
||||
Selenium
|
0.01
|
-
|
0.02
|
0.02
|
0.05
|
||||
Silver
|
0.1
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Sodium
|
-
|
180
|
-
|
Crop dependent
|
Crop dependent
|
||||
Uranium
|
0.02
|
-
|
0.2
|
0.01
|
0.1
|
||||
Vanadium
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
0.1
|
0.5
|
||||
Zinc
|
-
|
3
|
20
|
2
|
5
|
||||
Ammonia (as N)
|
-
|
0.41
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Nitrite (as N)
|
0.9
|
-
|
9.12
|
-
|
-
|
||||
Nitrate (as N)
|
11.3
|
-
|
90.3
|
-
|
-
|
||||
pH
|
-
|
6.5-8.5
|
-
|
6-8.5
|
|||||
Sulfate
|
500
|
250
|
1000
|
-
|
-
|
||||
TDS
|
-
|
500
|
Stock dependent
|
Site specific
|
Site specific
|
||||
a From Australian Drinking Water Guidelines, National Water Quality Management Strategy, NHMRC/NRMMC, 2004.
b From Australian and New Zealand Guidelines for Fresh and Marine Water Quality, ANZECC/ARMCANZ, 2000.
c May be tolerated if not provided as a food additive and natural levels in the diet are low.
d LTV denotes long-term trigger value, the maximum concentration of contaminant in the irrigation water that can be tolerated assuming 100 years of irrigation, based on irrigation loading assumptions.
e STV denotes short-term trigger value, the maximum concentration of contaminant in the irrigation water which can be tolerated for a shorter period of time (20 years), assuming the same maximum annual irrigation loading to soil as for the LTV.
NAD denotes No Available Data.
Liya,Senior consultant in S J Builders Australia. Visit http://www.sjbuilders.com.au/,
new homes in berwick
new homes in south morang
cranbourne new homes
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